1,Pixel size
It refers to the actual dimension of responsing pixel,no matter length or width,μm(Micrometer) is the unit.The bigger pixel dimension requires less exposure time with a little loss of space resolution ratio.On the contrary,the smaller the pixel dimension is,the longer exposure imaging time it will take,and the image resolution ratio after imaging will be better.
2.CCD(Charge Coupled Devices) :Some phototonus conponents(Pixels) make up a matrix or literal semi-conductor device.The optical lens gather the image on the sensor,every pixels accumulate the electronic charge proportional to the light,and transimit signal out for reading.If the output matrix dimension is a half of phototonus conponents matrix,it is interlace mode CCD,otherwise,the same dimension means progressive scan CCD.
3.Depth of Field,the length between nearest and farest point can make clear focus,and it will be impacted by focal length and the aperture dimension.Shorten the focal length and reduce the aperture,the depth of field will increase.
4.Electronic Shutter:CCD/CMOS Camera operation mode,the integral time can be shortened and it don';t require any mechnical device to reduce the blur phenomenon when catching fast moving object.
5.Dark Noise Current:Under specific working temperature circumstance,shadowing CCD/CMOS sensor to prevent the light or sensitization from any light sources,the electrons produced by sensor conponents itself is dark noise current.The noise value is determined by electrons produced per senconds under specific temperature.
6,Readout Noise:When CCD/CMOS is normally working,except the real actual output signal,the electrons output from other factors is called readout noise.
7.Quantum Efficiency:The ratio between the photons directly moving into or casting to the sensor components and the electron quantity transfered by the sensor,nomally it is in a format of %.
8.Fall-well Capacity:The total electrons included in every pixel.The more quantity is,the bigger dynamic range the image is,it can prensent in the image as every tiny shading change.
9.S /N (Signal To Noise Ratio) ：Generally using dB as its unit,is the ratio between normal signal output and noise in electronic signal.
10.Analog to digital:is a format for CCD/CMOS camera output image signal.Most of the early-age formulated standard CCD/CMOS adopt analog signal output.Currently,every manufacturer successively launch built-in analog to digital converter(ADC) circuit digital camera.The image grey scale of camera is determined by A/D converting circuit decimals.For example,8 decimals can provide 28=256 grey scale image output,and 10 decimals represents 1024 grey scale expressive force and so on.
11.White balance:white balance is a extremely important concept,it the camera's colour redition of white project.When we observe the fabulous world by our naked eyes,the sense to the same colour under different kind of light is basicly the same.For instance,when the sun arise in the dawn,we can see a white object and feel it is white,while when in the dark light of night,we can also feel it is white.This is because in the growing process of human from birth on,the human brain has already gotten adaptbility to object's colour under different light.However,the camera don't have the adaptbility of human naked eyes,under different light,caused by the unbalance property of the CCD/CMOS output,it will have the colour rendition distortion
problems:specified to shoot white object,it will presents blue shift of red shift and make the whole image color distortion.
